ABSTRACT
O objetivo deste estudo foi verificar a contagem de mesófilos, coliformes totais, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli e presença de Salmonella sp. em cortes de traseiro de bovinos obtidos em um abatedouro frigorífico sob Inspeção Federal. Os resultados indicaram que todos os cortes mostraram-se ausentes para Salmonella sp. e a maior média de contagem para mesófilos foi no Filé de costela, seguido pela Picanha, Coxão mole, Fralda, Pera (recorte do Coxão Mole) e Maminha. Destes, a Pera e a Picanha apresentaram os maiores valores para Staphylococcus aureus. As maiores médias de contagens em UFC/g para coliformes totais foram nos cortes: Coxão mole, Alcatra, Pera e Filé-Mignon. De forma geral, os níveis de coliformes totais foram baixos, porém revelaram a presença de Escherichia coli principalmente no Coxão Mole. A Alcatra apresentou resultados elevados para coliformes totais, porém, sem a presença de E. coli. Os resultados dos cortes coletados mostraram que não houve desvio aparente nos processos quanto às operações do abate, a desossa e refile.
The aim of this study was to verify the mesophilic count, total coliforms, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and the presence of Salmonella sp. in cattle rear cuts obtained in a slaughterhouse governed under Federal Inspection. The results indicated that all the cuts proved to be absent for Salmonella sp. and the highest average count for mesophilic was in rib steak, followed by Top Sirloin Cap, Topside, Flank Steak, Cut of Topside and Tenderloin. Of these, Cut of Topside and Top Sirloin Cap showed the highest values for S. aureus. The highest average scores in CFU/g for total coliforms were in cuts: Topside, Rump Steak, Cut of Topside and Tenderloin. The levels of total coliforms were low and showed the presence of Escherichia coli in the Topside. The results showed high thighs of coliforms, but without the presence of E. coli. The results of the collected cuttings showed no apparent shift in processes and operations during slaughter and boning and trimming.
Subject(s)
Animals , Cattle , Abattoirs , Cooled Foods , Meat/microbiology , Salmonella , Health Surveillance , Principal Component Analysis , Escherichia coli , Food MicrobiologyABSTRACT
Thirty-two strains of Lactobacillus plantarum UFLA SAU from pork sausages, pre-selected for some features for probiotic application, were utilized in this study to evaluate their adhesive properties and compare the results against the three pathogens also tested. Strains were tested for autoaggregation and coaggregation capacity and Microbial Adhesion To Solvents (MATS) at the time intervals of 0, 1, 2, 3 and 4 h. Our findings revealed that UFLA SAU strains have a high autoaggregative capacity and coaggregative ability with pathogens, especially Listeria monocytogenes. In relation to adhesion to solvents, in general, L. plantarum strains showed hydrophilic cell surface properties and an important electron donor and basic character. Adhesive properties were markedly separated for the strains under study by Principal Component Analysis software. UFLA SAU 132, 226 and 87 were differentiated by autoaggregation ability. UFLA SAU 11 and Listeria monocytogenes were characterized by adhesion to solvents. UFLA SAU 14, 18 and 172 showed high coaggregation with Escherichia coli, Salmonella Typhi and Listeria monocytogenes. In comparison to the pathogens tested, many UFLA SAU strains presented higher adhesive capacity. These tests should be used for screening and identifying potentially adherent microorganisms. Adhesive properties are important features for the choice of probiotic strains and confer various applications, such as in the pharmaceutical (therapeutic or prophylactic) and food (functional foods) industries.
Trinta e duas estirpes de linguiça suína, Lactobacillus plantarum UFLA SAU, pré-selecionadas com algumas características para aplicação probiótica, foram utilizadas neste estudo para avaliar suas propriedades adesivas e comparar os resultados com três patógenos também testados. As estirpes foram testadas para autoagregação, coagregação e capacidade de adesão microbiana aos solventes (MATS) nos tempos de 0, 1, 2, 3 e 4 h. Nossos resultados revelaram que estirpes UFLA SAU apresentam alta capacidade autoagregativa e coagregativa com patógenos, especialmente com Listeria monocytogenes. Em relação à adesão aos solventes, de um modo geral, as estirpes de L. plantarum mostraram propriedades hidrofílicas de superfície celular e um importante caráter básico e elétron doador. Propriedades adesivas foram marcadamente separadas para as estirpes em estudo através da Análise de Componentes Principais. UFLA SAU 132, 226 e 87 foram diferenciadas pela capacidade de autoagregação. UFLA SAU 11 e Listeria monocytogenes foram caracterizadas por adesão aos solventes. UFLA SAU 14, 18 e 172 apresentaram coagregação com Escherichia coli, Salmonella Typhi e Listeria monocytogenes. Em comparação aos patógenos testados, muitas estirpes UFLA SAU apresentaram maior capacidade adesiva. Estes testes podem ser úteis para a triagem e identificação de micro-organismos potencialmente aderentes. Propriedades adesivas são importantes características para a escolha de estirpes probióticas e conferem várias aplicações, tais como nas indústrias: farmacêutica (terapêutico ou profilático) e de alimentos (alimentos funcionais).
Subject(s)
Probiotics , Lactobacillus plantarum , NoxaeABSTRACT
Sixty six indigenous Saccharomyces cerevisiae strains were evaluated in stressful conditions (temperature, osmolarity, sulphite and ethanol tolerance) and also ability to flocculate. Eighteen strains showed tolerant characteristics to these stressful conditions, growing at 42 ºC, in 0.04% sulphite, 1 mol L-1 NaCl and 12% ethanol. No flocculent characteristics were observed. These strains were evaluated according to their fermentative performance in sugar cane juice. The conversion factors of substrates into ethanol (Yp/s), glycerol (Yg/s) and acetic acid (Yac/s), were calculated. The highest values of Yp/s in sugar cane juice fermentation were obtained by four strains, one isolated from fruit (0.46) and the others from sugar cane (0.45, 0.44 and 0.43). These values were higher than the value obtained using traditional yeast (0.38) currently employed in the Brazilian bioethanol industry. The parameters Yg/s and Yac/s were low for all strains. The UFLA FW221 presented the higher values for parameter related to bioethanol production. Thus, it was tested in co-culture with Lactobacillus fermentum. Besides this, a 20-L vessel for five consecutive batches of fermentation was performed. This strain was genetically stable and remained viable during all batches, producing high amounts of ethanol. The UFLA FW221 isolated from fruit was suitable to produce bioethanol in sugar cane juice. Therefore, the study of the biodiversity of yeasts from different environmental can reveal strains with desired characteristics to industrial applications.